Star Anise (Illicium verum)

Facts About the Star Anise (Illicium verum)

Star anise, scientifically known as Illicium verum, is a spice with a flavour reminiscent of licorice. It is obtained from the star-shaped pods of the fruit of the Chinese evergreen tree I. verum.  Star anise is a spice from the Illicium verum ( I. verum) evergreen tree native to southern China, northeast Vietnam and West Africa

Health benefits of star anise

Illicium verum is a spice celebrated not only for its distinct flavour but also for its medicinal properties. Here are some of the health benefits associated with star anise:

• Antioxidant Properties: Star anise is rich in flavonoids and polyphenols, that contribute to its antioxidant capacity. This may help reduce oxidative stress and prevent cell damage.
• Antiviral Capabilities: It contains shikimic acid, a compound with strong antiviral capabilities, and is a key ingredient in the influenza medication Tamiflu.
• Antimicrobial Activity: Star anise may help treat fungal, bacterial, and viral infections due to its antimicrobial properties.
• Digestive Health: It can aid digestion and help alleviate symptoms like bloating and gas.
• Respiratory Health: The spice may support respiratory health by helping to clear congestion and ease coughs.
• Immune System Support: With its rich array of antioxidants, star anise may boost the immune system.
• Circulatory Benefits: The iron content in star anise is significant, which is important for blood production and circulation

Chemical Properties of the Star Anise (Illicium verum)

Chemical compounds and health-related attributes:

1. Antiviral Potential:
   • Star anise is widely recognized for its antiviral effects.
   • It is the source of the precursor molecule shikimic acid, which is used in the production of antiviral medication for influenza A and B.
   • Roche Pharmaceuticals previously used up to 90% of the world’s annual star anise crop to produce oseltamivir via shikimic acid.
2. Other Beneficial Properties:
   • Antioxidant: Star anise possesses antioxidant properties.
   • Antimicrobial: It has antimicrobial effects.
   • Antifungal: Star anise may help combat fungal infections.
   • Anthelmintic: It can be used against parasitic worms.
   • Insecticidal: Useful as an insect repellent.
   • Secretolytic: This may help with mucus secretion.
   • Anti-inflammatory: Has potential anti-inflammatory effects.
   • Gastroprotective: This may protect the stomach lining.
   • Sedative: Exhibits calming properties.
   • Expectorant and Spasmolytic: Useful for cough relief.
   • Estrogenic Effects: May influence estrogen levels

How to Use the Star Anise to treat various sicknesses

Here are some ways star anise can be used medicinally:

1. Respiratory Infections: Star anise tea can be used to help alleviate symptoms of respiratory infections. To make the tea, steep a whole star anise pod in boiling water for about 10-15 minutes.
2. Digestive Issues: The spice is known to aid digestion and can help relieve bloating and gas. A tea made from star anise can be consumed after meals to promote digestive health.
3. Flu Treatment: Due to its shikimic acid content, star anise is used in the production of Tamiflu, a medication for flu treatment. While the spice itself isn’t a substitute for the medication, it may offer some antiviral benefits.
4. Pain Relief: Star anise oil can be used externally to provide relief from rheumatism and lower back pain. It should be diluted with a carrier oil before application to the skin.
5. Oral Health: Gargling with star anise tea may help with dental pain and improve oral hygiene due to its antibacterial properties.

It’s important to note that while star anise is commonly used as a spice and has potential medicinal benefits, it should be used with caution. Star anise teas may be contaminated with Japanese star anise, which is toxic.

Side Effects of the Star Anise Plant

While Star anise (Illicium verum) is valued for its culinary and medicinal properties, it’s important to be aware of its potential side effects:

• Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to star anise, including skin rashes or respiratory issues.
• Contamination Risk: There is a risk of contamination with toxic Japanese star anise (Illicium anisatum), which can cause serious side effects.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The safety of star anise for pregnant or breastfeeding women is not well-established, so it’s advised to use it cautiously.
• Drug Interactions: Star anise may interact with certain medications, so it’s important to consult a healthcare provider before using it as a remedy.

It’s crucial to use star anise responsibly and seek professional advice if you’re considering it for medicinal purposes.

References

How to Use the Star Anise